What is the difference between brushless DC motors and brushed DC motors? What is the working principle?

In the motor industry, we often hear about brush DC motors and brushless DC motors, but many friends think that they are not both motors? What exactly is the difference between the two? How is the working principle? Here Vacuz give you an introduction to it!

Brush DC motor principle of operation:

Using the interaction between the electric charge and the magnetic field to produce rotational motion, there is a set of brushes in the motor, which can change the polarity of the north pole and south pole of the rotor by alternately changing the direction of the current, so that the rotor is constantly rotating.

Brushless DC motor working principle:

Rotational motion is generated by the interaction between the armature and the stator. There is a set of permanent magnets or electrodes on the rotor, and when the current flows in the armature, the magnetic field they generate interacts with the magnetic field in the stator, thus making the rotor rotate continuously. Brushless DC motors do not require brushes and are highly efficient and have a long service life.

The main differences between brushless DC motors and brushed DC motors are:

1. Different structure: Brush DC motors have a rotating rotor and fixed stator inside the motor, which transmits current through carbon brushes and ring collector rings. Brushless DC motors have permanent magnets installed in the rotor, and the electromagnetic field is switched through electronic components to drive the rotor to rotate without carbon brushes and collector rings.

2. Different efficiency: Since brushless DC motors do not have carbon brushes and collector rings, the electrical energy conversion inside the motor is more efficient, more stable operation and longer service life.

3. Different maintenance cost: Brushed DC motors need to replace carbon brushes regularly, while brushless DC motors do not need to replace carbon brushes, so the maintenance cost is lower.

4. Different control methods: Brushless DC motors have more advanced control methods and can adjust the speed and direction of the motor through intelligent controllers to achieve efficient dynamic control, while brushed DC motors must use the traditional governor control method with relatively low control accuracy.

The above is the difference between brushless DC motors and brush DC motors, understand these basic knowledge, help to better understand the motor!

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